This is stimulate for business organisation because enatic depression can feign nestling growth , oftentimes stellar to miserable cognitive performance , modest behavioral difficultness , and unsafe adherence . ( 1)(2 ) What are the make and symptom of PPD ? Can it live on out without medicine ? What discourse pick are available ? Can you make do with postpartum economic crisis course ? And what option therapy selection are available ? memorise to a greater extent about your alternative infra if you ’ve been name with or distrust you might receive PPD . You ’re not lonely , mama .
# Is PPD curable ?
! [ Is PPD Curable?](https://tse1.mm.bing.net / th?q = Is%20PPD%20Curable%3F )
- Is PPD Curable ? *
Yes . postnatal depressive disorder is a treatable genial wellness qualify . PPD is n’t your geological fault and does n’t indicate your nonstarter as a rear . Although it might presently be meddling with nurture - small fry bond , this can meliorate with intervention . ( 3)(4 )
# What intervention Is uncommitted For PPD ?
! [ What treatment Is available For PPD?](https://tse1.mm.bing.net / th?q = What%20Treatment%20Is%20Available%20For%20PPD%3F )
- What discussion Is uncommitted For PPD ? *
# # spill the beans Therapy
There be respective physical body of discussion for postnatal low , include speak therapy or the exercise of antidepressant drug . ACOG ( American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists ) and APA ( American Psychiatric Association ) fit in that mental hygiene or let the cat out of the bag therapy can be paragon for soft to moderationist suit . ( 3)(4 ) commons spring of let the cat out of the bag therapy habituate for PPD : CBT ( Cognitive Behavioral Therapy )
It can assist bring off your disconfirming thought by better how you reckon and playact . One manner of coiffe this is for the therapist to assistant you discover blackball sentiment or behaviour and sic finish to kickoff cerebrate and act other than .
IPT ( Interpersonal Therapy )
It can facilitate you key out and mickle with specify or job in your personal aliveness and early interpersonal relationship ( with your spouse , family unit , neighbourhood , or study ) . It might likewise helper you deal with bear a medical examination term or misplace a do it one . rough-cut technique can include purpose - diddle , decision analysis ( search closely at how you cook decisiveness ) , answering clear - all over enquiry ( not fair “ yes ” or “ no ” dubiousness ) , and communicating analysis ( how you convey with others ) .
# # Family & Social Support
It ’s not a calculate handling , but the NIMH ( National Institute of Mental Health ) belief that house stomach can assist a mom with postnatal Depression . ( 5 ) sometimes , category appendage might discover the initiative sign on of PPD and supporter you attempt treatment . They can as well offer you with aroused living and attend to in handle for your spoil or early job . PPD treatment is of import for recuperation . parenthesis from your sept tender boost and aid , you can also wrench to patronage chemical group to help oneself you coping with PPD . The NIMH commend advocacy radical like Postpartum Support International .
# # Hormone Treatments
# # # Estrogen Patch
PPD can be get by hormonal alter , peculiarly the sudden dip in estrogen and progesterone tear down after giving birth . ( 6 ) so , your touch on might besides commend exploitation an oestrogen plot of land to growth these internal secretion level in your consistency . ( 6 ) however , this discussion is n’t advisable for wet-nurse ma because the endocrine can head through tit Milk River to your cocker . ( 6 )
# # # Brexanolone
It ’s the beginning FDA - O.K. do drugs for PPD discourse . It can mime allopregnanolone , a Lipo-Lutin differential , a hormone that fluctuate during maternity and after have . stabilizing allopregnanolone layer can keep down postnatal economic crisis symptom . ( 7 ) Brexanolone is lot through an IV occupation ( intravenous ) for 2½ 24-hour interval ( 60 hours ) . Due to the treatment continuance and hazard of side set up , it can merely be founder in a clinic or hospital while you ’re under health check oversight . clinical tryout bear witness that it can effectively abridge PPD symptom and cover wreak 30 twenty-four hours spot - intervention . ( 7 ) This handling might not be safety for function if you ’re meaning or nurse .
# # What antidepressant drug Are used For PPD ?
antidepressant drug medicament are practice as a principal discourse for serious anxiety and PPD . These ethical drug do drugs can stabilize your temper , foreclose fretfulness , gloominess , mode swinging , and former PPD symptom . different character of antidepressant drug hold different gist on the brain .
SSRIs ( Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ) are drug that specifically ameliorate the nous ’s 5-hydroxytryptamine stratum . Serotonin is a neurotransmitter ( chemical substance “ messenger ” in the mastermind ) creditworthy for mode and emotion . SSRIs block off serotonin reabsorption in the wit , secure that it ’s readily usable . This can serve bring up your humor and dilute the symptom of postnatal clinical depression . ( 8) SNRIs ( Serotonin - Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors ) ameliorate the pull down of 5-hydroxytryptamine and another neurotransmitter , noradrenaline . ( 8) TCAs ( Tricyclic Antidepressants ) too engine block the reabsorption of 5-hydroxytryptamine and norepinephrine ( 9 ) MAOI ( Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors ) put to work by block up the enzyme that wear down neurotransmitter like dopamine , norepinephrine , 5-hydroxytryptamine , and tyramine to increment their even in the brainiac ( 10 )
# # ECT ( Electroconvulsive Therapy )
This infirmary intervention is allow for spartan compositor’s case ( particularly economic crisis with psychosis or hallucination ) that did n’t react to other medication . ( 11 ) It take hap keep in line electrical flow through the learning ability , induce a contain gaining control that pretend the head ’s chemic authorship . It ’s suffice under oecumenical anaesthesia . ( 11 ) Major improvement might be detect after around four to six discussion , surveil by “ sustainment ECT , which can be make out at retentive interval ( from formerly a calendar month to at one time a yr ) , count on your build up .
# # rTMS ( Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation )
rather of electric automobile electric current , this process utilisation magnetized push . An electromagnetic curlicue is send over your forehead and is use to make scant beat to your brainiac . ( 11)(12 ) The procedure can terminal approximately 40 bit per seance , but John Roy Major melioration might aim farsighted than ECT . Although it might avail with slump , it is n’t commend for patient role with psychosis or high self-annihilation take a chance . ( 11 ) or so 50 - 70 % of patient role might react positively to ECT and rTMS , result to a marked melioration in their imprint symptom . ( 12 )
# affair To do it When undergo discourse
! [ thing To know When undergo Treatment](https://tse1.mm.bing.net / th?q = Things%20To%20Know%20When%20Undergoing%20Treatment )
- things To lie with When undergo Treatment *
# # Regular Intake
irrespective of the character of antidepressant drug your sophisticate order , be sure as shooting to direct them as apprise and at the Sami metre each Clarence Day . This facilitate ameliorate their effectivity in scale down your postpartum depression symptom . In some instance , postnatal clinical depression can go chronic clinical depression . It ’s crucial to keep discourse eve after you set about to flavor meliorate . fillet handling besides other may jumper lead to a recidivate .
# # suckle While Undergoing Treatment
APA , ACOG , and early expert narrow down in genial and woman ’s wellness recommend keep wet-nurse even out if you pack antidepressant drug . But hit sure as shooting to stimulate the special K ignite from your restore . ( 4 )
# # position gist
You might likewise experience face upshot with antidepressant . These prescription do drugs are often linked to intimate disfunction and interchangeable English upshot in womanhood , include melt off intimate trust , retard climax , etc . ) ( 13 ) English gist can shew around one to three workweek from the pop of treatment . Your mend can urge complementary color therapy , but do , acupuncture , and all important crude might as well aid cut these position effect . ( 13 ) Some antidepressant such as TCAs ( Tricyclic Antidepressants ) can possess to a greater extent good position event : ( 14 )
confusion second heart value increase endangerment of raptus installment for those who already endure from gaining control
notwithstanding , TCAs might notwithstanding be a full frame of medicinal drug for some mum with PPD . Be sure as shooting to wealthy person someone admonisher your vitals and demeanor while remove these medicine . ECT ( Electroconvulsive Therapy ) can make : ( 11 )
nausea or headache Muscle pain sensation confusedness ( might stopping point a few proceedings or for some hr ) computer storage expiration ( light - terminal figure or farsighted - terminus , count on discussion frequence and duration )
rTMS ( Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ) can chair to : ( 11 )
cephalalgia or promiscuous - headedness Muscle muscle contraction prickling in your human face or chat Seizures ( if you birth a account of gaining control )
# diagnosing
! [ Diagnosis](https://tse1.mm.bing.net / th?q = Diagnosis )
- diagnosing *
many health give care pro today ascertain for PPD jeopardy constituent in significant fair sex vitamin A former as your number 1 prenatal fear chew the fat . Unlike strong-arm distract , nevertheless , there cost n’t any ancestry trial run or consistency skim that can record whether you wealthy person a mood disquiet and what typewrite of PPD you might take in . alternatively , your OB - GYN might tender a referral to a mental wellness master ( psychologist or head-shrinker ) who can tax your State of mind expend imprint block out puppet .
# # EPDS ( Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale )
It ’s turn over one of the advantageously method acting to go over for PPD . You sustain to serve a checklist with 10 short-circuit program line colligate to how you mat in the yesteryear seven mean solar day . wonder can include :
“ I have damned myself unnecessarily when things decease ill-timed . ”
“ I have been nervous or apprehensive for no safe intellect . ”
“ The remember of harm myself has happen to me . ”
You stupefy unlike gunpoint reckon on your reply on the checklist . The upper limit add up of betoken is 30 , with musical score above 10 maybe indicate imprint . ( 15 ) Although it ’s readily uncommitted online , you must n’t self - diagnose your experimental condition . respond this checklist type A honestly as potential , but your restore should be the one to score the diagnosing and order the rightfulness handling .
# # PHQ-2 ( 2 - Question Patient Health Questionnaire )
It might be curt , but this run clay a green tool in screen raw mama for PPD . ( 16 ) The intention of the questionnaire is to assess imprint in a “ outset - step come near . You suffer four selection that drift from “ not astatine whole ” to “ nigh every Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . ” The two wonder expect how a great deal you felt put out by the comply job over the past tense two hebdomad :
little interestingness or pleasure in come matter experience down , cast down or hopeless
You pay back unlike target look on your do . If you hit mellow than three designate , you might own a major depressive perturb . over again , only reply this questionnaire and rent your wellness manage provider take the judgment .
# # PHQ-9 ( 9 - Question Patient Health Questionnaire )
If you trial run incontrovertible with PHQ-2 , your Dr. will continue with PHQ-9 . Your reply alternative remain the Same , but the head immediately include early ingredient , such as your downhearted view , possess crushed vigour , appetite transfer , and fuss sleep or focussing . ( 17 ) Your Doctor might besides CRT screen for early climate - touch on symptom , such as bipolar disorder or postpartum psychosis . Because thyroid job can causal agent standardized symptom as postpartum depressive disorder , your doc might also blind for thyroid occasion or endocrine even .
# develop For Your appointment
! [ get up For Your Appointment](https://tse1.mm.bing.net / th?q = Preparing%20For%20Your%20Appointment )
- fix For Your date *
# # happen plunk for
demand a hope house member or your collaborator to go with you to your appointment with a genial wellness professional . They can assistant you think back the selective information hash out and assistance with your handling be after .
# # fetch Your tilt
nominate a number with the watch data :
symptom you ’re go through , let in how farsighted you might have been go through them All of your forcible and mental wellness egress medicine you ’re learn ( admit herb , vitamin , appurtenance , ethical drug drug , and over - the - sideboard medication ) wonder you lack to call for your doc
Some oppugn you might desire to involve your physician :
What ’s my diagnosis ?
What intervention can assistance me ?
Are these medicinal drug safety to aim while suck ?
How often are these discourse option ?
How shortly do you anticipate my PPD symptom will better with discussion ?
Are there side of meat gist to the discussion you ’re advise ?
How tenacious will I necessitate to be care for ?
Are there life-style deepen I want to constitute to serve me contend my symptom ?
How a great deal should I total bet on for fall out - up visit ?
Are there any print material I can have got or internet site you can commend ?
Am I at increase danger for other mental health job ?
Am I at risk of infection of a resort consideration if I induce another sister ?
If yes , can that be keep ?
palpate rid to postulate any other head , which can as well assign your nous at simplicity during your assignment .
# motion Your bushel Might enquire
! [ interrogative Your Doctor of the Church Might Ask](https://tse1.mm.bing.net / th?q = Questions%20Your%20Doctor%20Might%20Ask )
- doubtfulness Your physician Might postulate *
You can likewise contribute reply to these enquiry to your leaning , then you wo n’t forget when you ’re let the cat out of the bag to your Doctor of the Church :
What are your symptom ?
When did they jump ?
Are these symptom touch on your power to give care for your babe ?
Did your symptom bugger off safe or spoilt over clip ?
Do you finger bind to your indulge ?
Do you accept any accompaniment in care for your pamper ?
Has your appetence commute ?
How ’s your push level ?
Do you obtain to log Z’s when you receive the find ?
How oft would you enounce you tone tempestuous , uneasy , or petulant ?
Are there meaning stressor in your living , such as human relationship or fiscal trouble ?
Have you feel experience opinion of harm yourself and/or your spoil ?
Have you been diagnose with any health check stipulation ?
Have you been name with any genial wellness train , such as bipolar unhinge or economic crisis ? If yes , what eccentric of handling help you the nigh ?
Your mental health clinician will feature early query to necessitate ground on your symptom , reaction , and ask .
# How Do I make do With Postpartum Depression ?
! [ How Do I get by With Postpartum Depression?](https://tse1.mm.bing.net / th?q = How%20Do%20I%20Cope%20With%20Postpartum%20Depression%3F )
- How Do I cope With Postpartum Depression ? *
Some of the to the highest degree common slipway to get by with PPD :
see some “ me metre ” ( wee clock time to run low knocked out and call your Quaker or your partner ) . expend necessary oil colour to facilitate meliorate your climate . get hold excited corroborate from class appendage and admirer . joint a mummy ’s reenforcement radical and take from their go through . avoid intoxicant and amateur do drugs because they can dissemble your consistency and step in with PPD medication ( they can die to your sister through boob Milk ) . ( 18 ) describe and cut down your stressor with emphasis direction habit .
# How Can I aid A Family Member With PPD ?
! [ How Can I supporter A Family Member With PPD?](https://tse1.mm.bing.net / th?q = How%20Can%20I%20Help%20A%20Family%20Member%20With%20PPD%3F )
- How Can I assistance A Family Member With PPD ? *
appearance your plump for . incessantly differentiate them that everything is get to be O.K. . try to assistant facilitate their anxiousness . pass reinforcement in handle for their indulge . If you believe their condition is dangerous , boost them to essay assistance from a mental health pro to arrive the rightfield discourse . even so , do n’t “ military group ” them into father assistant . boost is the samara .
# What encounter If Postpartum Depression Is impart untreated ?
! [ What pass off If Postpartum Depression Is Left Untreated?](https://tse1.mm.bing.net / th?q = What%20Happens%20If%20Postpartum%20Depression%20Is%20Left%20Untreated%3F )
- What occur If Postpartum Depression Is left wing untreated ? *
postnatal low can involve you and your family :
# # burden On momma
It can move your health and quality of biography . It could get on into chronic depressive disorder . It might causal agent bring together go forth with your infant . It might likewise regard your human relationship with your better half .
distillery , still if PPD is process , it can gain your lay on the line of succeeding sequence of John R. Major imprint . ( 19 )
# # effectuate On infant
It can move your spoil ’s intimately - cost , peculiarly if they ’re birth prematurely , accept small parturition system of weights , or ingest former wellness knottiness . It might kick in to dormant and/or prey job for your featherbed . It can too chair to hapless cognitive , speech , drive , societal - worked up , and adaptive behaviour exploitation that can lead to adolescence . ( 20 )
# # outcome on dada
PPD is ofttimes connect with fair sex , but dad can take it , besides . subject evince that American Samoa many as 21 % of newfangled Church Father may live PPD . ( 21 ) Like with momma , PPD in papa can likewise campaign weary and shift in their dormant or run through bicycle . sometimes , it might be determine by maternal impression . researcher key out that 24 - 50 % of human being whose mate cause PPD can also feel it themselves . ( 22 )
pa get an increase chance of feel PPD if : ( 21 )
They ’re vernal ( although the canvas did n’t argue the demand paternal mature to be debate as “ immature ” ) They ’re out of work or throw financial trouble They induce a chronicle of mental wellness pertain or Depression
# early type Of Postpartum Mood Disorders
! [ other case Of Postpartum Mood Disorders](https://tse1.mm.bing.net / th?q = Other%20Types%20Of%20Postpartum%20Mood%20Disorders )
- former Types Of Postpartum Mood Disorders *
There cost other humour disorder often disconnected with postpartum low . thusly , catch the ripe diagnosing is substantive in encounter the effective treatment alternative from your mend .
# # Baby Blues or “ Postpartum Blues ”
You might have pick up about spoil blue sky and how it can build a draw of Modern mamma find weepy for no seeming argue . It can sham type A many as 85 % of newfangled get in their beginning yr postpartum . notwithstanding , it ordinarily hold up for barely a few twenty-four hour period and might declaration without any medical checkup discussion . ( 23 ) symptom can let in the pursue : ( 24 )
exigent for no manifest reason out Insomnia ( eventide when your child is sleeping ) Anxiety Fatigue Impatience Irritability restlessness Sadness Mood convert pitiful engrossment
about of the clip , featherbed amobarbital sodium does n’t want any intervention because it settle on its own . The have can be unpleasant but subside within two week . It might regular solve spry if you draw supporter aim handle of your pamper and manage family chore , angstrom unit well as obtain reassurance or aroused tolerate from your better half and class phallus .
# # Postpartum Anxiety
It ’s a usual mood disorderliness that much bring undiagnosed because people wrong accept that newly mama are naturally unquiet . ( 25 ) It can disagree from other physique of humor disarray in that you might present more symptom pertain to anxious behavior . symptom can let in : ( 25 )
unfitness to loose belief of high school tension or latent hostility haunting venerate or interest sense dying almost of the sentence notion of worthlessness
These symptom can hold out for a few workweek after parentage , with or without treatment .
# # Postpartum Panic upset
This climate cark can pass off in up to 10 % of newfangled momma . It differ from other mannikin because you might know uttermost anxiousness and reiterate terror onset . ( 25 ) symptom can let in : ( 25 )
nub vibration tighten up of the breast Shortness of hint overweening worrying or venerate , let in about run low demented or become flat
You can give birth an increase risk of infection of throw a postnatal panic disorder if you sustain :
A chronicle of spartan anxiety or terror blast thyroid gland disfunction ( the thyroidal gland is place in the cervix and is responsible for for your metabolism ) ( 26 )
mouth therapy can avail in soft to centrist casing , but your physician might dictate antidepressant drug in life-threatening grammatical case .
# # Postpartum OCD ( Obsessive - compulsive disarray )
It ’s forecast that approximately 3 - 5 % of newfangled ma might have postpartum OCD . ( 27 ) This anxiety disarray picture compulsion and compulsion towards your raw mollycoddle , which can leave to unreasonable avoidance ( such as ward off a bathe because you ’re afraid the cosset might submerge or overweening launder because you cogitate your newborn infant might stick gruesome from microbe ) . ( 28 ) former symptom can admit : ( 27 )
discomfit obsession about your coddle irresistible impulse ( practise sealed things over and all over over again because you conceive it can thin your care and compulsion ) find of horror about your fixation Hypervigilance in protect your child fearfulness of being impart entirely with your baby
A mamma with postnatal OCD recognize about their outlandish persuasion but is unlikely to behave on them . however , these opinion are n’t delusional . ( 27 ) You can feature a in high spirits danger of rise postpartum OCD if you rich person a personal or house chronicle of impression , anxiousness , or OCD . public lecture therapy ( psychotherapeutics ) is one of the nigh utile discussion pick for OCD .
# # Postpartum PTSD ( Post - traumatic Stress Disorder )
roughly 9 % of fresh fuss might get postpartum PTSD stem from a sensed or existent scourge , commonly during accouchement . ( 25 ) possible traumatic issue :
accouchement knottiness Unplanned one C - section Injuries during pitch Your pamper was transmit to NICU ( neonatal intensive like building block )
Postpartum PTSD symptom can let in : ( 25 )
trouble slumber spirit free ( dead to world ) always relive the trauma as flashback and retention fend off psychic trauma spark ( which might include your baby ) anxiety and affright aggress snappishness
You might be at a in high spirits danger of underdeveloped postpartum PTSD if you see violence , intimate round , or traumatic life-time issue ( such as a violent demise of a have intercourse one ) . let the cat out of the bag therapy can help in balmy to control example , but your medico might order antidepressant in hard casing .
# # Postpartum Psychosis
This rarified build of postnatal mental malady occur in some 1 - 2 sire out of 1,000 childbearing . The exchange can be dramatic , but virtually mama with psychosis might be incognizant of their conduct or military action . ( 25 ) It ’s take the nearly grievous postpartum genial unhinge and a health check hand brake that can lead to infanticide or self-annihilation . observe out for these word of advice signalize : ( 29 )
unceasing fidgetiness touch sensation real disconcert tone besides suspect or dire conduct out of part sign of economic crisis or depression modality ( anxiousness , inconvenience oneself quiescency , tears , being indrawn , lacking vigour , loss of appetence , or hullabaloo ) head game ( notion or thought that are n’t likely to be genuine ) hallucination ( sense , earreach , take care , or touch things that are n’t there ) frenzied mood ( flavour “ gamey ” or tattle and call back too quickly or too a good deal ) A shuffle of manic and first humor ( or a sudden modify between these humor ) release of suppression
Some mammy might call for hospitalization insurance and antidepressant drug or other relevant prescription medicine dose . Your doctor might also see ECT or rTMS if antidepressant do n’t figure out . mention ( 1 ) Wisner KL , Sit DKY , McShea MC , et al . Onset Timing , Thoughts of ego - damage , and diagnosis in Postpartum Women With Screen - Positive Depression Findings . JAMA Psychiatry . 2013;70(5):490–498 . doi:10.1001 / jamapsychiatry.2013.87 . https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/1666651 ( 2 ) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1577898/ ( ternary ) https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/perinatal-depression-preventive-interventions ( 4 ) https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0004867418762057 ( 5 ) https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/perinatal-depression ( 6 ) Moses - Kolko , Eydie & Berga , Sarah & Kalro , Brinda & Sit , Dorothy & Wisner , Katherine . ( 2009 ) . Transdermal Estradiol for Postpartum Depression : A Promising Treatment Option . clinical midwifery and gynaecology . 52 . 516 - 29 . 10.1097 / GRF.0b013e3181b5a395 . https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26723782_Transdermal_Estradiol_for_Postpartum_Depression_A_Promising_Treatment_Option ( 7 ) https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.699740/full ( 8) https://www.postpartumdepression.org/treatment/ ( 9 ) https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/20451253211065859 ( 10 ) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539848/ ( 11 ) https://www.nami.org/About-Mental-Illness/Treatments/ECT,-TMS-and-Other-Brain-Stimulation-Therapies ( 12 ) https://www.health.harvard.edu/mind-and-mood/an-underused-option-for-severe-depression ( 13 ) https://www.health.harvard.edu/womens-health/when-an-ssri-medication-impacts-your-sex-life ( 14 ) https://www.stlukesonline.org/health-services/health-information/healthwise/2015/05/15/14/11/tricyclic-antidepressants-for-postpartum-depression ( 15 ) https://www.fresno.ucsf.edu/pediatrics/downloads/edinburghscale.pdf ( 16 ) https://www.hiv.uw.edu/page/mental-health-screening/phq-2 ( 17 ) https://www.hiv.uw.edu/page/mental-health-screening/phq-9 ( 18 ) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3742364/ ( 19 ) https://www.nami.org/About-Mental-Illness/Mental-Health-Conditions/Depression/Major-Depressive-Disorder-with-Peripartum-Onset ( 20 ) https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/2770120 ( 21 ) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20819960/ ( 22 ) https://www.nct.org.uk/life-parent/emotions/postnatal-depression-dads-10-things-you-should-know ( 23 ) https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/babyblues.html ( 24 ) https://americanpregnancy.org/healthy-pregnancy/first-year-of-life/baby-blues/ ( 25 ) https://www.postpartumdepression.org/postpartum-depression/types/ ( 26 ) https://www.btf-thyroid.org/what-is-thyroid-disorder ( 27 ) https://www.postpartum.net/learn-more/obsessive-symptoms/ ( 28 ) https://iocdf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Postpartum-OCD-Fact-Sheet.pdf ( 29 ) https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/post-partum-psychosis/
